Technology notes

Technology notes
Credit: WaterAid

These technology notes have been prepared following many general enquiries for technical information having been received by WaterAid over the years.

Their purpose is to give an outline of the technologies used by WaterAid on long-term development projects in Africa and Asia, and to show alternatives which might be appropriate in different circumstances.

It may be possible to determine from the notes the technology which would be appropriate in a particular location.

If it is proposed to proceed with the design and construction of a project using any of the principles set out in these notes, it is strongly recommended that further details be obtained from a specialist or from the reference books which are listed at the end of the relevant section.

Considerations before design

Water resource development

Rainwater harvesting

Spring protection

Subsurface dams

Gravity schemes

Hand dug wells

Tubewells and boreholes

Handpumps

Treatment of water

Disinfection

Sanitation

Hygiene education

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Acknowledgements

These notes have been prepared within WaterAid for use by its own staff and by those organisations which have requested technical help from WaterAid.

In order to illustrate the points raised in the text, drawings, sketches and charts have been collected from various sources. 

It is not always possible to locate the original source of the illustrations, but WaterAid wishes to acknowledge that some have been taken from publications listed in the references at the end of sections.

WaterAid thanks the relevant authors and organisations and trusts that mutual co-operation will continue.